(Hidden) in Plain Sight: A Physician-scientist Reflects on DID Lived Experience
Abstract
Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is often a hidden diagnosis—shaped by histories of early childhood trauma and reinforced by societal stigma. These experiences can foster a deep, but misplaced, sense of shame that leaves many individuals feeling silenced and alone. For those living with DID, the resulting isolation can be painful; for clinicians, it can make treatment and dialogue especially challenging.
In this plenary address, Dr. Kaufman, a physician–scientist and psychiatrist specializing in the study and treatment of trauma and dissociation, will reflect on a career in academia. She will share highlights from her group’s clinical and research work alongside lessons learned through collaboration with DID advocacy and lived experience panels. The openness of individuals in these panels who shared their stories publicly informed her eventual, and hesitant, choice to self-disclose publicly—a step she took only after many years in her career.
She will also address the misperception that lived experience confers unique clinical authority, emphasizing instead the central roles of rigorous training, supervision, and scientific knowledge in developing expertise. At the same time, she will reflect on how her own experience perhaps has enhanced her ability to describe the phenomenology of DID in accessible terms—translating complex concepts into language that resonates with patients, clinicians, and the public.
The presentation will consider the risks and benefits of vulnerability in clinical and academic life, including questions of boundaries, credibility, and authenticity. Dr. Kaufman will describe how navigating these issues has shaped her view of what it means to bring both expertise and humanity to the study and treatment of dissociation.
For clinicians, these reflections translate into practical lessons: recognizing the shame and isolation patients with DID often carry and finding ways to convey that they are not alone, creating therapeutic spaces safe enough for disclosure while remaining mindful of one’s own stance toward vulnerability, and integrating insights from lived experience groups into education and research to reduce stigma and support healing.
Ultimately, this talk invites attendees to consider how professional identity, personal authenticity, and scientific rigor can coexist in work with DID. Clinicians will leave with clinical and scientific insights and a renewed appreciation for the role of empathy, collaboration, and lived experience in supporting dissociative individuals.
Target Audience
Beginning/Introductory
Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of this session, participants will be able to:
- Identify the clinical and societal factors that contribute to shame and isolation in individuals with dissociative identity disorder
- Describe strategies for creating therapeutic spaces that support safe disclosure by patients with DID
- Differentiate between the potential risks and benefits of clinician self-disclosure in trauma-focused clinical and academic contexts
- Apply insights from lived experience collaborations to reduce stigma and enhance clinical care for individuals with dissociation
- Evaluate how professional identity, personal authenticity, and scientific rigor can be balanced in clinical practice with dissociative patients
Milissa L. Kaufman, MD, PhD
Milissa Kaufman, MD, PhD, serves as Associate Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. She is a trauma psychiatrist, clinician, and researcher focused on advancing evidence-based care for individuals affected by post-traumatic stress disorder and dissociative identity disorder. As Kingdon Saylor Endowed Director of Trauma Programs at McLean Hospital, she provides strategic leadership across trauma-focused clinical services, research initiatives, and educational programs. Dr. Kaufman founded and co-directs the Dissociative Disorders and Trauma Research Program and serves as Medical Director of the Trauma Continuum of Care at Hill Center.
Dr. Kaufman plays a central role in building clinical and research capacity in trauma psychiatry. She directs both the Trauma Scholar Program and the Initiative for Integrated Trauma Research, Training, and Care at McLean and oversees trauma psychiatry education for the Massachusetts General Hospital/McLean Hospital Psychiatry Residency. She serves on the Board of Directors of the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation and has received numerous local, national, and international awards recognizing contributions to research, clinical care, and training.
The Dissociative Disorders and Trauma Research Program (DDTRP), co-led by Dr. Kaufman and Dr. Lauren Lebois, uses a multimodal approach to study trauma-related dissociation, integrating clinical and neurocognitive assessment with functional and structural neuroimaging and genetic methods. A central aim of the DDTRP is the identification of biomarkers of dissociation and recovery. This biomarker-focused work has been supported by multiple awards from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH).
For more than a decade, the lab has partnered with a DID/PTSD lived-experience advisory panel (LEAP). Panel members contribute to study design, implementation, and dissemination, helping to shape research questions, contextualize findings, and guide responsible communication of results.
Available Credit
- 1.50 APAThe International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation is approved by the American Psychological Association to sponsor continuing education for psychologists. The International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation maintains responsibility for this program and its content.
- 1.50 ASWB ACEThe International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation (ISSTD), #1744, is approved as an ACE provider to offer social work continuing education by the Association of Social Work Boards (ASWB) Approved Continuing Education (ACE) program. Regulatory boards are the final authority on courses accepted for continuing education credit. ACE provider approval period: 08/20/2024 – 08/20/2027. Social workers completing this course receive 1.50 continuing education credits.
- 1.50 ISSTD Certificate ProgramThis program is eligible for 1.50 credits in the ISSTD Certificate Program. No certificate of completion is generated for this type of credit.

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